1.引入写作背景 （首段第1句）

• Nowadays, the trend of globalization is becoming increasingly prominent.
• Nowadays, the population of elder people is growing larger and larger.
• Recently, distance learning has become more and more popular.
• In recent years, culture and arts have played an increasingly important role in our life.
• Currently, some advanced countries have spent a great deal of money in developing space tourism.

2.交代辩论话题 （首段第2句）

句型1：However, whether… is a hot issue

句型2：Discussion now centres on whether…

• However, whether mobile phones bring more disadvantages than advantages is a hot issue.
• However, whether universities should give top priority to providing job-related skills is a hot issue.
• However, whether raising the fuel price can promote environmental protection is a hot issue.
• However, discussion now centres on whether the technology development accelerates the polarization between the rich and the poor.
• However, discussion now centers on whether whether wild animals have been overprotected.

3.表达自己全文立场(首段第3句）

• My view is that A is more important than B.
• My view is that A cannot completely replace B.
• My view is that both ways have their own values.
• My view is that this method may be effective in the short term.
• My view is that this is not only the government’s responsibility.

4.主体段中心句(主体段第1句）

• The multicultural society contributes to promoting the economic prosperity.
• Governments can make great efforts to develop low-carbon economy.
• The fierce competition in the modern job market is a contributing factor.
• Firstly, it is clear that museums play a role in collecting and perserving historic relics.
• Firstly, it is obvious that distance learning is more convenient and flexible.

5.主体段论证句-原因论证

• This is because architectural style can reflect the cultural characteristics and historic customs of a nation.
• This is because low-carbon economy is an eco-friendly and sustainable development mode.
• This is because foreign companies can bring not only funds but also advanced technologies and management experience.
• This is because receiving health care is the basic right of every citizen and taxpayer.
• This is because children have strong curiosity and imitation ability and they cannot distinguish right from wrong.

6.主体段论证句-结果论证

• This means that the emotional bonds among people will become weaker and weaker.
• This means that parents may ofen work overtime and have less time to play with their children.
• This means that the technology can promote the productivity and then create more social wealth.
• This means that change is not a personal option, but an inescapable fact of life.
• This means that there are no objective criteria of happiness, but only a person’s subjective feelings.

7.主体段论证句-反向论证

• If the police are not allowed to be equipped with guns, they will not have enough capabilities to prevent some violent crimes.
• If people only rely on the Internet to keep contact with each other, then we will become more and more indifferent and lonely.
• If students do not acquire the ability of analyzing and solving complex problems, they will lack competitiveness in the workplace.
• If governments do not pay attention to the investment in culture and arts, the quality of people’s spiritual life will not be improved.
• If a lot of females are encouraged to join the army, then the same number of males will take their places to look after the family.

8.主体段论证句-具体论证

• When we dress ourselves in fashion, we may feel more confident and happier.
• When fuel price go up, people will voluntarily drive less and take the bus and subway more.
• When children go to school, they begin to learn how to get along with people from different social backgrounds.
• When we visit a new place, we can experience and learn various cultures, lifestyles and ways of thinking.
• Once many large companies/firms move to the suburb, the population and traffic pressure of the downtown will be alleviated/released.

9.主体段论证句-举例论证

• For example, in multicultural cities, people can watch American blockbusters, eat Japanese sushi, drick French wine and wear Italian clothes.
• For example, meteorological satellites and GPS developed from space exploration have benefited every ordinary person.
• For example, we can make great efforts to exploit green energy such as solar, wind and tidal energy.
• For example, the advertisements of KFC only emphasize how delicious their products are, but never mention the potential harm of junk food.
• For example, many classic Disney animations/cartoons have conveyed and cultivated children’s virtues, such as honesty and courage.

10.主体段论证句-对比论证

• While traditional families give top priority to care, sharing and obedience, modern citizens mainly enjoy freedom, ego and independence.
• While adults are pursuing peace and eliminating wars, our children are enjoying in playing the war game on computers and talking about various arms in it.
• While the distant learning enables student to study anywhere and anytime, it cannot completely replace traditional schools.
• While the development of the economy enables us to live a more comfortable life, it also leads to the polarization of the social wealth.
• While traditional old buildings seem to be elegant from the outside, they are usually not pratical.

句型： …that/which/who…

• Face-to-face teaching cultivates student’s abilities of communication and cooperation which cannot be provided/offered by the distance learning.
• Women usually have personalities such as tenderness, patience and sympathy which most men do not have.
• Old employees usually have rich work experience and connections which frashmen are lack of.
• Accidents that are caused by driving after drinking are much more than those that are resulted from the overage driving by senior citizens.
• The workload/task/job/work that could take months to finish by manual labor could be done flawlessly by robots in minutes.

11.主体段论证句-事实论证

句型: The fact that … shows that …

• The fact that firms pursue the maximization of profits shows that reports of media companies may deviate/distort from the truth and mislead the public.
• The fact that we have different languages proves/means/indicates/demonstrates that we have various cultures.
• The fact that the sales of air purifiers in some countries are getting better and better shows that the environment condition there is becoming worse and worse.
• The fact that there is no rating system in films and TV programs means that chilren are easily exposed to unsuitable/improper/questionable contents.
• The fact that the traffic jam of city roads is getting more and more serious shows that people’s life quality and sense of happiness are declining.

12.主体段论证句-表达论证

• Some educationists think that we should adopt diffent ways to teach boys and girls.
• Other people think that money is the most direct way to aid poor countries.
• I think (that) it is the wisest method to conbine the advantages of both sides.
• This is not to say that we should not punish criminals severely.
• This is not to say that we can neglect/ignore/underestimate the important functions of charities.

13.主体段论证句-表达递进

• Mobile phones promote people’s communication and information sharing, which raises the work efficiency of the whole society.
• Living in a noisy environment for a long time will lead to upset, insomnia and other problems, which harms/endangers/jeopardizes our pysical and mental health.
• The rural life enables modern people to slow their paces and get close to the nature, which is beneficial to our physical and mental health.
• If the fuel price goes up, people will drive less, which is of great significance for reducing environmental polution.
• When a country opens its market and tolerates other cultures, then foreign enterprises will be willing to enter, which helps enhance the nation’s economy.

14.主体段论证句-表达强调

• What really matters is young people’s diligence and dedication.
• What really matters is people’s attitudes towards arts.
• What parents should do is to help their children distinguish right from wrong.
• While the history gives us is not only lessons of the past but also outlooks/predictions of the future.
• What gevernments shoud do is to adjust tax policies according to the actual situation.

15.高难度句型-从句嵌套

• Those who think high income of sports stars is not appropriate point out that scientists make more contributes to the society.
  (那些认为体育明星高收入是不恰当的的人指出，科学家对社会做出的贡献更大。)
• Those who support the government to build the stadium believe that it will encourage the public to pay attention to sports and raise the awareness of health.
  (那些支持政府修建体育馆的人认为这会鼓励大众关注体育运动，提升健康意识。)
• Some people who hold the opinion that animal experiments should not be banned think that the development of human’s medicine depends on lots of such tests.
  (一些人持有动物实验不应该被禁止的观点，他们认为人类医学的发展依赖于许多的动物实验)
• Some educators think students should wear uniforms because they believe this will allow them to realize the importance of obeying rules and discipline.
  (一些教育学家认为学生应该穿校服，因为他们相信这会让学生意识到遵守规则和纪律的重要性)
• Some people suppose that zoos in cities should be cancelled because they believe we can learn all the relevant knowledge of a certain animal through the Internet and TV.
  (一些人认为城市里的动物园应该被取消，因为他们相信人们可以通过网络和电视了解关于某种动物的一切知识)
• What modern job markets need most are creative employees instead of the rebots that only obey the order.
  (现代职场最需要的是有创新思想的员工，而不是只知道服从命令的机器人)
• What poor coontries need most is not money but the technology and talents, which can help them get rid of peverty.
  (穷国最需要的援助不是金钱，而是科技和人才，这才会帮助它们从根本上摆脱贫穷。)
• When people read books, they absorb information actively and stimulate their imagination, which cannot be provided by watching TV.
  (当人们在阅读书籍的时候，他们会主动的吸收信息，激发想像力，这是看电视所不能提供的。)